History Vault. The 54th Massachusetts Infantry. Hidden History: Federal Hall. Lizzie Borden - Meek or Murderess? Boston: A City Steeped in U. History Boston, the largest city in New England, is located on a hilly peninsula in Massachusetts Bay. Pennsylvania One of the original 13 colonies, Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn as a haven for his fellow Quakers. New Hampshire New Hampshire, one of the original 13 colonies, was the first state to have its own state constitution.
Rhode Island Rhode Island, measuring only about 48 miles long and 37 miles wide, is the smallest of the U. Delaware The first of the original 13 states to ratify the federal Constitution, Delaware occupies a small niche in the Boston—Washington, D.
Virginia One of the 13 original colonies, Virginia was the first part of the country permanently settled by the English, who established Jamestown on the banks of the James River in See More. A grant issued by King Charles I empowered the group to create a colony in Massachusetts. While the company was intended to transfer the wealth of the New World to stockholders in England, the settlers themselves transferred the charter to Massachusetts.
By so doing, they turned a commercial venture into a political one. Forty-one colonists on board the ship signed the Mayflower Compact , on November 11, This was the first written governmental framework in the New World. In , a fleet of 12 ships known as the Winthrop Fleet left England and headed for Massachusetts.
It reached Salem, Massachusetts , on June 12th. Winthrop himself sailed aboard the Arbella. It was while he was still aboard the Arbella that Winthrop gave a famous speech in which he said:. These words embody the spirit of the Puritans who founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony. While they emigrated to the New World to be able to freely practice their religion, they did not espouse freedom of religion for other settlers.
Though Winthrop's Fleet landed at Salem, they did not stay; the tiny settlement simply couldn't support hundreds of additional settlers. Within a short time, Winthrop and his group had moved, at the invitation of Winthrop's college friend William Blackstone, to a new location on a nearby peninsula.
In , they renamed their settlement Boston after the town they had left in England. In , Boston was made the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. By , hundreds more English Puritans had joined Winthrop and Blackstone in their new colony.
By , more than 15, colonists lived in Massachusetts. During the first decade of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, several political crises occurred, unfolding simultaneously, concerning the way religion was practiced in the colony.
One of those is known as the "Antinomian Crisis" which resulted in the departure of Anne Hutchinson — from Massachusetts Bay. She was preaching in a manner that proved unseemly to the colony's leaders and was tried in civil and ecclesiastical courts, which culminated in her excommunication on March 22, Historian Jonathan Beecher Field has pointed out that what happened to Hutchinson is similar to other exiles and departures in the early days of the colony.
For example, in , because of religious differences, Puritan colonist Thomas Hooker — took his congregation to found Connecticut colony. That same year, Roger Williams — was exiled and ended up founding Rhode Island colony. In , King Charles revoked the independent charter of the colony. When James II was overthrown that unpopular combination fell apart. The Governor, Andros was arrested and forced to flee back to England.
The early settlers were primarily farmers, settling the lands outside Boston. They created small villages built around a community commons and a meetinghouse.
The meetinghouse was the center of the village life, with the preacher holding a long Sunday prayer service. The Bay Colony and the Puritans were known for the importance they placed in education. The Boston Latin School was established in Harvard was founded a year later. In , a law was passed mandating that every town with 50 or more families must have a school.
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